November 6, 2013

Could this sum happen by chance?

How the observed value compares with real history and with fair, independent random draws.

Draw sum

80

Within real history

98.1%

of historical values were ≥ observed

In simulated random history

99.1%

of 2000 simulated histories (seed 20260601)

A sum this high is common — it occurred in 98% of comparable cases. Nothing unusual here.

Past frequency never changes the odds of a future draw — this only describes how remarkable the observation is.